Rotary engine.



PATBNTED JUNE 25, '1907.

M. BEY. ROTARY ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED` Aue. 16. 1996.

1HE Numels PETERS 10.858,144. PATENTBD JUNE 25, 1907.

M. BEY. ROTARY EN GINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG'. 15. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1HE :vo/ams Ps-rERs co4, wAsHmumN, D. c.

No. 858,144. PATENTED JUNE 25, 19o?.

. M. BEY.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.15. 1906.

a SHEETS-SHEET a.

@@ @@w JIM 33 .33 1 )7u-adm MM fufg UNITED sTATE's MUHITDIN BEY, OF CONSTANTINOPLE, TURKEY.

ROTARYVENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 1907.

Application filed August 15,1906. Serial No. 330,632.

T0 a/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MUHITDIN' BEY, a subject of the Sultan of Turkey, residing at Constantinople, Turkey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines, and of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to rotary engines of crescent-chamber type, in which the revoluble shaft of the engine passes eccentrically through the cylinder parallel with the axis thereof'and in contact with the interior periphery, and which shaft carries a sliding piston, steam being delivered into the cylinder upon one side of the shaft and exhausted upon the other side.-

Now the object of the present invention is to improve the construction and increase the efficiency of engines of the before-mentioned type, and to this end according to my invention, l construct such an engine so as to be adapted for compound expansion, that is to say with a high and low pressure cylinder, or with two or more sets ofhigh and low pressure cylinders, this being effected by providing a continuous cylinder divided into high and low pressure chambers, each chamber having its own sliding piston, while the eccentrically located shaft is continuous and extends throughout the set or sets of chambers, passing through stuffing boxes in the opposite end covers. The shaft bears 'in each chamber against a spring-pressed abutment iiu'sh with the interior surface of the cylinder. The ports and passages by which the steam is conducted and admitted to the high pressure chambers, as well as the passages and ports by which the steam is transferred from the high pressure chambers to the low pressure chambers and from thence to the exhaust, are formed in the casing of the engine, and such an engine presents advantages in that it can be used without a constantly moving valve, although I provide an adjustable valve by which the direction of steam, and consequently the motion of the engine, can be reversed, and by which valve the engine can be stopped instantaneously and again started,` and this without any other gear than the valve aforesaid.

Moreover when the engine is constructed to be reversible, the valve and steam passages are so arranged that the engine operates with equal effect when driven in either direction, being constructed so that there are two steam passages in different planes upon each side of the shaft, while the valve is so formed that when the engine is driven in one direction, the steam supply passes into the chambers by only one of the two passages on one side of the shaft and exhausts by both passages on the other side; when the engine is reversed, the two passages on the opposite side are opened for the exhaust while the pressure is supplied by a single passage, the other being closed by the valve.

T arrange the high pressure pistons at right angles to each other, and similarly the low pressure pistons are arranged at right angles to each other, and by this relative arrangement of pistons, the balance of the engine is improved and dead points obviated, so that the engine can be started in any position, and can be used without a ily-wheel, while also the motion of the engine can be reversed without first stopping.

I will now describe constructions of my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings whereon Figures 1 to 5 show an example of construction where there are two sets of compound-chambers, formed in one continuous cylinder of uniform diameter, the chambers differing in length Fig: l being a vertical section taken parallel to the axis of the shaft; Fig: 2 being a cross `section through the iirst high pressure chamber 5 Fig: 3 a cross section through the low pressurechamber; Fig: 4 a similar view through the next low pressure chamber, and Fig: 5 a similar view taken through the second high ressure chamber. Fig: 6 is a vertical longitu inal section showing a modified construction of engine, where the chambers are formed within one casing through which the shaft extends continuously, but the chambers and the shaft vary in diameter, that is to say the low pressure chambers are of greater diameter than the high pressure chambers. Fig: 7 is a cross section through one of the high pressure chambers, and Fig: 8 a similar view through one of the low pressure chambers. Fig: 9 is a sectional view on a larger scale than the revious iigures showing the ports in a chamber such as shown at Fig: 7, and one edge of the piston. Fig: 10 is a sectional plan view of the engine shown at Fig: l but drawn to a smaller scale than the latter iigure, and Fig: ll is a plan view of a rod connecting the operating arms of the several controlling valves. Fig: 12 is a vertical cross section showing the upper portion of a casing and the revoluble lOO IIO

`may be provided with spring-pressed bear while the low pressure chambers 12, in a cylshaft in order to illustrate the steam passages I when the engine is not reversible.

Referring to Figs: 1 to 5, the improved engine is constructed with a single cylinder divided in a horizontal plane, parallel with its axis, into two parts l, 2, the part 1 being attached to the art. 2 by lugs and bolts and packed to ma re a steam-tight joint. The cylinder is divided transversely of its length by partitions 3 to form any required number of chambers in sets of two, one of each set being a high pressure chamber and the other, of larger cubical capacity, being a low pressure chamber, and a revoluble shaft 4 extends continuously through all the chambers of the cylinder passing through stufling boxes 5 formed in end plates 6 secured to the ends of the said cylinder, the shaft 4 in the interior of the cylinder between the said end plates being of larger diameter and preferably formed tubular. 1n transverse sections as shown at Figs. 2 to 5, the revoluble shaft 4 bears against the upper interior surface of each chamber, a friction bar 7 forming the s ringpressed abutment, located in a slot in t e upper part of each chamber being held by springs 8 (Fig. 1) upon the periphery of the revoluble shaft 4, so making a steam-tight packing. A slot is formed extending diametrically through the revoluble shaft 4 at each chamber, and equal in width to such chamber, and these slots receive sliding pistons 9; each piston 9 consists of a blade or plate freely passing through its slot in the revoluble shaft 4, one edge of the iston being rounded while the opposite edge 1s fitted with a bearing-piece 10 also having a rounded edge to bear up against the surface of the chamber in which the piston works, while the bearing-piece 10 itself 1s capable of motion in the plane of the pistonan'd is held out against the surface of the chamber by means of springs. Similarly the ends of each piston ing-pieces.

A convenient arrangement of high and low ressure chambers is as shown in the drawings, i. e. the high pressure chamber 1 1 of each set is located at the outer end of the cylinder,

inder containing two sets, would be located between the high pressure chambers.

The upper portion 2 of the cylindrical casing is formed with the steam ways and passages, and carries thecontrolling valve, the high pressure supply from the steam generator being divided so that steam is conducted t0 above the high pressure chambers 11 at each end of the cylinder. Each of these high pressure steam supply passages 13, 14 opens into the cylindrical boring in the casing 2 which contains a cylindrical valve 15 extending the whole length of the cylinder, and this valve is formed with channels in planes at right angles to its axis by cutting sition shown at Fig: 2 the steam admitted at 13 will pass through a valve channel 16 and enter the cylinder by the passage 19, while the exhaust upon the other side of the shaft will pass away by two passages 21, and 22 formed in different planes to a transmitting passage 23 through which it is led to the low pressure chamber. Thus it will be observed that the steam at high pressure is admitted by one passage upon one side of the shaft, and is exhausted by the two passages on the other side of the shaft, and when the valve is reversed, the direction of the steam is not only changed, but the same arrangement is continued in the reverse direction, i. e. the steam is admitted by one'passage on one side of the shaft and exhausted by the double passage on the other side. The steam from the high pressure chamber passing away by the transmitting passage 23 Fig: 1 is similarly admitted by one of the two passages on one side of the shaft, i. e. the passage 24, Fig: 3 to the low pressure cylinder, while it is exhausted therefrom through the two passages 25 and 26 and passes through the channels in the valve to the exhaust 27.

It will thus be observed that the valve is formed with two channels upon opposite sides of its axis for each chamber, while there are two passages leading from each side of the valve boring, one pair of such passages opening into the chamber upon one side of the shaft, and the other two passages opening into the chamber upon the other side of the shaft. By this arrangement, in which-ever direction the engine is driven, steam will be admitted by a single passage upon one side of the shaft, and exhausted by a double passage upon the other side.

The valve 15 is fitted at its end with a han- (lle 28, so that by placing the handle in one position, high pressure steam by the passages 13, 14, is shut off, and the engine is stationary, while by turning the handle toward one direction, steam is admitted to drive the engine forwardly, and by moving it in the opposite direction, steam is admitted to drive the engine rearwardly. The sliding pistons 9 in the chambers composing a set, that is in a high pressure and low pressure chamber, are preferably arranged at right angles to each other, and in the next set of IOC chambers the piston of the high pressure ,chamber is arranged at right angles to the piston of the high pressure chamber of the first set, and the piston of the low pressure chamber of the second set is at right angles to the piston of the low pressure chamber of the first set, and so a balanced engine is obtained with practically no dead point.

In order to suitany particular circumstances, when a great number of revolutions in a given time is required, the cylinder may be increased in length and reduced in diameter, while on the contrary, where a few number of revolutions is required in a given time the length may be reduced andthe diameter of the cylinder increased.

By constructing the chambers in one elongated cylinder in the manner described, they can be arranged close to each other, the passages in the casing for the conduct of the steam being but little'exposed to outside air, and cooling or condensation of steam in transit from one chamber to another thereby reduced to a minimum.

The construction of engine described oflers great facilities for the parts being reached for cleaning or repairs, as the cylinder covers may be removed with great ease, since to obtain access to the interior, the upper portion forming the cylinder proper can be removed without necessitating the removal of the end covers, or the disconnection of the bearings and glands of thel main shafts. Suitable escape passages 29, properly controlled, may extend from the base of the chambers to act as draining passages;

Figs. 6 to 11 illustrate merely a modification in the design of the engine, and the parts are generally marked with reference numerals corresponding'to similar parts in the engine which has been described. In this construction, instead of the chambers being formed in a cylinder of a single diameter, the casing composes cylinders of two diameters, the high pressure chambers 1l being of smaller diameter than the low pressure chambers 12. The arrangements of the cylinder, piston and passages are generally similar to those previously described, excepting that in this case the piston is fitted at both of its edges with bearing-pieces 10, and these bearing-pieces are formed with segmental ends to receive rocking friction bars 30 vwhich 'fit against the interior periphery of the cylinder and have movement in the bearing-pieces 10 as the piston travels in the cylinder.

Instead of fitting a cylindrical valve extending continuously above the chambers as in the first described construction, I provide in the modified design shown at Figs. 6 to 11, cylindrical valves 31, 31 and 32 32 one above each chamber, the axes 0f the valves being vertical, and each valve has a spindle 33 projecting through the top cover of its seating, and to each spindle is fitted an arm 34, Fig.

1 1, the arms being jointed to a rod 35 by which all the valves can be simultaneously operated, the eect being precisely similar to that engine shall be made reversible, the regulating valve may be omitted, and then the casing can be formed as sufficiently illustrated by Fig. 12, with one passage 36 only opening into the chamber on one side of the shaft, and a single transmitting or exhaust passage 27 opening from the casing on the other side of the shaft, so that supposing the section, Fig. l12, to illustrate a high pressure chamber, the steam would be admitted by the passage 36, act upon the piston as before explained, and pass away by the passage 37 to the low pressure chamber, Where it would be again directly delivered, act upon the piston and pass away to the exhaust, and in such an engine no valve is needed.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by patent is 1. In a compound rotary engine of crescent chamber type; the combination of a casing extending longitudinally, and partitions dividing the casing transversely of its axis into two outer high pressure chambers and two centrally located low pressure chambers, a revoluble shaft extending eccentrically through the said chambers, the casing having a slot above the line of contact of the shaft with the interior of the casing and extending the length of each chamber, a spring-pressed friction bar located in the slot and bearing upon the periphery of the shaft, the shaft having a diametric slot at each chamber extending the length thereof, the direction of the slot in the shaft in one high pressure chamber being at right angles to the slot in the second high pressure chamber, and the slot in the shaft in one low pressure chamber being at right angles to the slot in the shaft in the second low pressure chamber, a sliding plate piston passing through each slot, the edges of each piston contacting with the wall of its chamber and the ends contacting with the ends of said chamber, end covers to the casing and bearings in the end covers to carry the shaft, the casing having steam passages to conduct steam to the high pressure chambers upon one side of the shaft, to exhaust from the high pressure chambers to the low pressure chambers upon the other side of the shaft and to exhaust from the low pressure chambers substantially as set forth.

2. In a compound reversible rotary engine of crescent-chamber type; the combination of a casing extending longitudinally, and partitions dividing the casing transversely of its axis into high and low pressure chambers, a revoluble shaft extending eccentrically through the said chambers with its periphery in contactwith the interior Wall, the shaft hav- IOO ISO

ing a diametric through slot at each chamber extending the length thereof, a sliding plate piston passing through each slot in each chamber, the edges of each piston contacting with the Wall of its lchamber and the ends contacting with the ends of said chamber, end covers to the casing, and bearings in the end covers to carry the shaft, the casing hav ing two steam passages in different transverse vertical planes extending to the high pressure chamber on one side of the shaft, and tWo similar passages from the high pressure chamber on the other side of the shaft, a transmitting passage to conduct the steam from the high to the loW pressure chambers and similar double passages on each side of the shaft communicating With the loW pressure chambers, means for directingthe inlet of steam into the chambers onto either side of the shaft according to the direction of mo* tion required, and simultaneously closing one of the passages upon the inlet side of the shaft so as to admit steam by one passage and exhaust by tWo passages in each chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. In a compound reversible rotary engine of crescent-chamber type the combination of a casing extending longitudinally, and partitions dividing the casing transversely into chambers of differing cubical capacity, a revoluble shaft extending eccentrically through the said chambers with its Aperiphery in contact therewith and having a diametric slot at each chamber, a sliding plate piston passing through each slot in each chamber, end covers to the casing, bearings in the end covers to carry the shaft, the casing having a boring to receive a cylindrical valve, tWo

steam passages in different transverse planes extending from the boring to the high pressure chamber upon one side of the shaft, and tWo passages in different transverse planes extending from the boring to the high pressure chamber on the other side of the shaft, the casing having similar passages extending from the boring to the loW pressure chamber, a transmitting passage extending from the valve boring above the high pressure chamber to above the low pressure chamber and opening to the boring in the plane of the inlet passage to said chamber, a steam pressure inlet passage to the boring in a plane With the inlet passage to the high pressure chamber, and exhaust passages communicating With the boring above the low pressure chamber and in the same planes as the passages communicating With the latter chamber; of a cylindrical valve in the boring having channels formed in its circular Wall, whereby pressure steam is admitted by one passage on one side of the shaft and exhausted by tWo passages on the opposite side, or vice versa,

.according to the direction of rotation of the engine, and means for adjusting the valve through a rotary angle for reversing or stopping the engine, substantially as set forth.

(Signature in Turkish of Muhitdin Bey.)

Witnesses THos. C. TUCKER, JACQUES ZYGOMALA. 

